PIC18F4550 Watchdog Timer
Introduction to Watchdog Timer Watchdog Timer (WDT) can be helpful to automatically reset the system whenever a timeout occurs. A system...
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PIC18F4550 SPI
Introduction to SPI Communication Protocol Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) is a synchronous serial data protocol generally used for...
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ESP32 Timer Interrupts
Why Hardware Timers Hardware timers are a very important feature in microcontrollers. H/W timers are absolutely important for...
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PIC18F4550 External Interrupt
Introduction Interrupts are the signals which alter the flow of an executing program by causing the microcontroller jumps to the...
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ESP32 Deep Sleep Mode
Description: ESP32 is a powerful module with Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, BLE, and MCU with onboard RF connectivity. It works on high-frequency...
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DAC (Digital to Analog converter) ESP32
Introduction What is DAC (Digital to Analog Converter)? A Digital to Analog Converter is a device that converts digital values (0 and 1)...
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PIC18F4550 Timer Capture (CCP) mode
Introduction Input Capture is widely used in many applications such as: Capturing the arrival time of an event Measuring pulse width...
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PWM in AVR ATmega16/ATmega32
Introduction to PWM Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) is a technique by which the width of a pulse is varied while keeping the frequency...
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USART in AVR ATmega16/ATmega32
Introduction AVR ATmega has flexible USART, which can be used for serial communication with other devices like computers, serial GSM, GPS...
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PIC18F4550 Timer
Introduction Timers in microcontrollers are used for introducing delay, counting events, generating waveforms, and also for PWM...
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PIC18F4550 USART
Introduction Several devices such as GPS, GSM, RFID, sensors, etc need to communicate with the PIC microcontroller for transmitting or...
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Timer Input Capture Mode in AVR ATmega16/ATmega32
Introduction to Input Capture Mode The input capture function is used in many applications such as: Pulse width measurement Period...
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PIC18F4550 ADC
Introduction Analog to Digital Converter When we interface sensors to the microcontroller, the output of the sensor many of the times is...
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ADC in AVR ATmega16/ATmega32
Introduction to ATmega ADC ADC (Analog to Digital converter) is the most widely used device in embedded systems which is designed...
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GPIO Ports and Registers in AVR ATmega16/ATmega32
Introduction AVR ATmega16 has 32 pins constituting four ports. The ports are listed below : Each port has 8 pins. The pins of these four...
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TTP223 Touch Sensor Interfacing with Arduino
Description The sensor consists of the TTP223 IC which is based on the capacitive sensing principle. It consists of a sensing electrode...
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Getting Started with Atmel Studio
Introduction Atmel, AVR microcontrollers (MCUs) are very easy to use. All AVR microcontrollers require Integrated Development...
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MAX30100 Pulse Oximeter Interfacing with Arduino
Description The MAX30100 Pulse Oximeter is a medical device that is used to measure blood oxygen saturation levels, heart rate, and pulse...
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BPM280 Barometer Sensor Interfacing with Arduino
Description The BMP280 is a popular digital barometric pressure and temperature sensor developed by Bosch Sensortec. It is designed to...
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IR Communication using Arduino UNO
Overview of IR LEDs, IR Photodiodes, and TSOP1738 IR communication makes use of IR (Infrared) waves from the electromagnetic spectrum. An...
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